White grape

Roussanne

Synonyms — Bergeron, Fromenteau, Roussette

Parentage — Native to the northern Rhône; named for the russet blush of its ripe berries

  • pear
  • herbal tea
  • honey
  • acacia
  • white pepper
Budbreak
Mid-season
Maturity
Late; capricious, sensitive to wind and rot
Leaf
Small to medium, orbicular, five lobes; dark and thick
Bunch
Small, cylindrical, loose
Berry
Small, round, russet-gold when ripe; thin skin

Roussanne is the aromatic, nervy foil to Marsanne's breadth — a difficult, low-yielding, disease-prone grape that growers keep for one reason: perfume. It scents the northern Rhône whites with pear, herbal tea and honeysuckle, and in the south it is one of the thirteen permitted grapes of Châteauneuf-du-Pape, where a splash lifts the white blend.

Its capriciousness nearly cost it its place — plantings dwindled under phylloxera and mildew — but the revival of serious Rhône whites has brought it back. Alone or with Marsanne, it makes wines that are tight and floral young and, given time, gain a remarkable mineral and honeyed complexity.

In the blend

Share of this grape in a typical blend of each wine

Through time

Indicative presence index, 0–100Origins & Antiquity — 0The Monastic Middle Ages — 5Exploration & the Fortified Age — 15Classifications & the Golden Age — 35Phylloxera & the World Crises — 30The Modern & New World Era — 50Antiquity0500150017001875195050