White grape

Sémillon

Synonyms — Sémillon Muscat, Chevrier, Colombier

Parentage — Old Sauternais variety, documented there since the early 18th century

  • honey
  • beeswax
  • apricot
  • lanolin
  • toasted hazelnut with age
Budbreak
Mid-season
Maturity
Second epoch; hangs well into autumn mists
Leaf
Medium, orbicular, shallowly five-lobed; yellowish green
Bunch
Medium, conical, winged, fairly compact
Berry
Medium, spherical, golden — pink-amber when very ripe; thin skin beloved of botrytis

The golden grape of the Sauternais, at home there since at least the early eighteenth century and once so widespread that white vines covered more of the Gironde than red. Its thin skin is its genius: when the Ciron's autumn mists bring Botrytis cinerea, Sémillon concentrates into the honeyed, waxy nectar of Sauternes rather than rotting.

Dry, it is the quiet half of the white Bordeaux duet — breadth, wax and stone fruit to Sauvignon's citrus nerve — and in old Graves blends it ages into toasted, lanolin-scented profundity. Its acreage has fallen with the white vineyard's, but no grape is more Bordelais in temperament: patient, unshowy, built for time.

In the blend

Share of this grape in a typical blend of each wine

Where it grows

Share of the region's vineyard planted with this grape

Through time

Indicative presence index, 0–100Origins & Antiquity — 0The Monastic Middle Ages — 10Exploration & the Fortified Age — 40Classifications & the Golden Age — 55Phylloxera & the World Crises — 50The Modern & New World Era — 22Antiquity0500150017001875195022