Black grape

Malbec

Synonyms — Côt, Pressac, Auxerrois, Noir de Pressac

Parentage — Magdeleine Noire des Charentes × Prunelard — a half-sibling of Merlot

  • black plum
  • blackberry
  • iris
  • cocoa
  • game
Budbreak
Early — severely hit by spring frost
Maturity
First to second epoch
Leaf
Medium, orbicular, barely lobed, with a bronzed young shoot
Bunch
Medium, conical, loose to medium
Berry
Medium, short-oval, black with violet bloom

Before Merlot there was Malbec. Under the name "Noir de Pressac" on the right bank and "Côt" upriver, it was among the most planted black grapes of pre-phylloxera Bordeaux — the dark, fleshy heart of the nineteenth-century blend, prized for the "black wine" depth it lent.

Its Bordeaux story ends almost brutally: phylloxera, then the frost of February 1956, killed the old vines, and growers replanted the easier, earlier Merlot — its half-sibling by Magdeleine Noire. A few hundred hectares survive, mostly in Blaye and Bourg, while the grape itself reigns in exile four thousand hectares high in Argentina's Mendoza.

In the blend

Share of this grape in a typical blend of each wine

Where it grows

Share of the region's vineyard planted with this grape

Family

Documented parentage — the nearer the ring, the closer the kinship

MalbecMalbecMagdeleine Noire des CharentesMagdeleine Noire des CharentesPrunelardPrunelardMerlotMerlotCabernet FrancCabernet Franc
Dashed ties are mutations (the same variety, not a cross). Grey nodes are forebears without an article of their own.

Through time

Indicative presence index, 0–100Origins & Antiquity — 0The Monastic Middle Ages — 15Exploration & the Fortified Age — 35Classifications & the Golden Age — 45Phylloxera & the World Crises — 15The Modern & New World Era — 6Antiquity050015001700187519506