Uruguay

Canelones

7 500 ha under vine

Soils
Heavy clay-loam over granite — closer to Bordeaux than to Mendoza
Climate
Humid Atlantic-temperate, needing no irrigation — a rarity in South America

On the map

Canelones — 7 500 haMendoza — 150 000 haCentral Valley — 120 000 haMarlborough — 29 000 haColumbia Valley — 25 000 haNapa Valley — 18 000 haStellenbosch — 15 000 haWillamette Valley — 11 500 haBarossa Valley — 11 500 haMargaret River — 5 800 haNiagara Peninsula — 5 500 haCoonawarra — 5 700 haHunter Valley — 2 500 haCentral Otago — 2 000 haCanelonesMendozaCentral ValleyMarlboroughColumbia ValleyNapa ValleyStellenboschWillamette ValleyBarossa ValleyMargaret RiverNiagara PeninsulaCoonawarraHunter ValleyCentral Otago
Blob size ≈ vineyard area · approximate locations · coastlines from Natural Earth

Uruguay's cellar: a ring of smallholdings around Montevideo, planted by Basque and Italian immigrants in the late nineteenth century and still largely worked by their descendants' family bodegas. The founding act belongs to Pascual Harriague, the Basque who established tannat here in the 1870s; the tough grape of the Pyrenean foothills became, improbably, the national variety.

The conditions are the reverse of the South American norm: humid Atlantic seasons on heavy clay over granite, closer in spirit to Bordeaux than to Mendoza, where vintages vary and real winemaking decisions matter. The table is beef asado and the wine is tannat to match it; lately albariño, brought in by growers of Galician descent, has given the Atlantic climate a white of its own.

The vineyard

Indicative share of plantings

The wines

Through time

Indicative presence index, 0–100Origins & Antiquity — 0The Monastic Middle Ages — 0Exploration & the Fortified Age — 0Classifications & the Golden Age — 15Phylloxera & the World Crises — 25The Modern & New World Era — 50Antiquity0500150017001875195050