Black grape

Cabernet Sauvignon

Synonyms — Petite Vidure, Bouchet Sauvignon, Vidure

Parentage — Cabernet Franc × Sauvignon Blanc — a 17th-century field cross

  • blackcurrant
  • cedar
  • graphite
  • tobacco
  • green pepper when underripe
Budbreak
Late — escapes most spring frost
Maturity
Second epoch; needs warm gravel to ripen fully
Leaf
Small, orbicular, five deep lobes with overlapping sinuses — the classic 'closed' cabernet leaf
Bunch
Small, conical, sometimes winged, compact
Berry
Small, spherical, jet black under heavy bloom; thick, tannic skin

Bordeaux's most famous child is a chance seedling: DNA typing in 1996 revealed Cabernet Sauvignon as the offspring of Cabernet Franc and Sauvignon Blanc, born in some seventeenth-century field. First recorded as "Petite Vidure" in the Médoc around 1755, it spread with the golden age of the estates because it loved exactly what they had to offer — deep, warm, well-drained gravel.

Small, thick-skinned and late, it gives the structure the Médoc is built on: dense tannin, cassis and cedar, and a capacity for age no other Bordeaux grape matches. It is the world's most planted quality variety, yet nowhere more itself than between Margaux and Saint-Estèphe.

In the blend

Share of this grape in a typical blend of each wine

Where it grows

Share of the region's vineyard planted with this grape

Family

Documented parentage — the nearer the ring, the closer the kinship

Cabernet SauvignonCabernet SauvignonCabernet FrancCabernet FrancSauvignon BlancSauvignon BlancCarménèreCarménèreMerlotMerlotGros CabernetGros CabernetMagdeleine Noire des CharentesMagdeleine Noire des Charentes
Dashed ties are mutations (the same variety, not a cross). Grey nodes are forebears without an article of their own.

Through time

Indicative presence index, 0–100Origins & Antiquity — 0The Monastic Middle Ages — 0Exploration & the Fortified Age — 10Classifications & the Golden Age — 55Phylloxera & the World Crises — 55The Modern & New World Era — 70Antiquity0500150017001875195070